if You need any Information or suggestions so you can write to us on [email protected]

Indian’s Railway Projects

  • Home
  • Indian’s Railway Projects

Indian’s Railway Projects

Service

India’s railway network is the backbone of the country’s transportation system, and the government recognizes the need for continuous modernization and expansion of this critical infrastructure. With the ever-increasing demand for efficient and safe passenger transportation, there are several ongoing railway station projects aimed at enhancing connectivity, comfort, and convenience. These projects include constructing new railway stations, redeveloping existing ones, and implementing modern technology to improve passenger experience and safety.

Following is a comprehensive list of the key upcoming railway projects in India –

RLDA Redevelopment of Railway Station, New Delhi

Construction Cost – 4,925 INR-Crore

India’s railway network is the backbone of the country’s transportation system, and the government recognizes the need for continuous modernization and expansion of this critical infrastructure. With the ever-increasing demand for efficient and safe passenger transportation, there are several ongoing railway station projects aimed at enhancing connectivity, comfort, and convenience. These projects include constructing new railway stations, redeveloping existing ones, and implementing modern technology to improve passenger experience and safety.

The Ministry of Railways (MOR) and the Rail Land Development Authority (RLDA) have undertaken the redevelopment of the New Delhi Railway Station, as part of their policy to modernize railway stations across India. This project, estimated to cost 4,925 INR-Crore, aims to use state-of-the-art technology to enhance passenger amenities and maximize revenue. To achieve this goal, RLDA has appointed Tractebel as the Architect and Technical Consultant to develop a master plan for the station that integrates it with city infrastructure, provides world-class facilities to railway passengers, and ensures smooth entry and exit from the station. The plan will also explore opportunities for multi-modal integration wherever possible.

KRIDE Bengaluru Suburban Rail Project, Bangalore (Baiyappanahalli – Chikkabanavara)

Construction Cost – 2,500 INR-Crore

The KRIDE, a joint venture of the Government of Karnataka and the Ministry of Railways (MOR), has been tasked with implementing the 148-km line suburban network, which will provide a much-needed transportation solution for the people of Bengaluru. The Bengaluru suburban rail project has four corridors as given below: KSR Bengaluru – Devanahalli (41 km), Baiyappanahalli – Chikkabanavara (25.14 km), Kengeri – Whitefield (35.52 km), Heelalige – Rajankunte (46.24 km).

The corridor from Baiyappanahalli to Chikkabanavara, estimated to cost 2,500 INR-Crore is currently underway, and once completed, it will serve several important areas of the city, including Byappanahalli, Kasturinagar, Sevanagar, Banaswadi, Kaveri Nagar, Nagawara, Kanakanagar, Hebbal, Lottegollahalli, Yeshwantpur, Jalahalli, Shettihalli, Myadarahalli, and Chikkabanavara.

RLDA Redevelopment of Railway Station, Ahmedabad

Construction Cost – 2,000 INR-Crore

The redevelopment of Ahmedabad Railway Station is a proposed project aimed at enhancing the second-highest income-generating division in Western Railways. The project is expected to cost 2,000 INR-Crore and involves the construction of a new station building, a Multi-Modal Transit Hub, multi-level parking, railway offices, private/commercial offices, a 3-star hotel, dedicated access roads, an iconic tower, parcel handling facility, and washable apron track.

The Rail Land Development Authority (RLDA) has been entrusted with the responsibility of developing the surplus land along the existing railway property as a separate commercial entity. Additionally, it will also undertake the redevelopment work of Ahmedabad Railway Station and parts of its colony, using state-of-the-art technology to provide better passenger amenities and maximize revenue. To ensure the successful implementation of the project, Tractebel was appointed through a competitive bidding process, to prepare a Feasibility Study, Detailed Master Planning, Urban Designing, Engineering & Preparation of a Detailed Project Report (DPR) for the Integrated Re-development of Ahmedabad Railway Station.

RLDA Redevelopment of CSMT Railway Station, Mumbai

Construction Cost – 1,800 INR-crore

The redevelopment of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) in Mumbai, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is set to move forward soon. The project, which is estimated to cost 1,800 INR-crore, is being executed by the Rail Land Development Authority (RLDA) and is aimed at decongesting the southern heritage node of the terminus, augmenting facilities, better integrating various modes of transport and restoring the iconic structure to its past glory. The project also includes creating a spacious Roof Plaza, facilities such as a food court, waiting lounge, and designated space for local products and will adopt green building technology and facilities for disabled persons. CSMT is one of the busiest railway stations in India, handling around 16-17 lakh passengers daily, and the redevelopment project is expected to create a huge space in the otherwise space-starved city while ensuring the smooth movement of people.

RVNL Railway Station Buildings & Quarters, Yavatmal

Construction Cost – 1,270 INR-crore

Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL), a Public Sector Enterprise wholly owned by the Government of India is constructing a new Broad Gauge (BG) railway line from km 78 (excluding Yavatmal Station) to km 157 (near Digras Station) of Central Railway in Maharashtra State, India at an estimated cost of 1,270 INR-crore. The project will be carried out in two packages: Package I covers the construction of roadbeds, major and minor bridges, road approaches, station buildings, staff quarters, and other service buildings from km 78 to km 110, while Package II covers the same works from km 110 to km 157. Both packages also include the construction of high-level platforms, pedestrian overbridges, foot overbridges, general electrification, and other related works.

CR Redevelopment of Railway Station, Thane

Construction Cost – 1,000 INR-Crore

The revamp and redevelopment of Thane Railway Station will include upgrading railway platforms, station modification, and improving passenger amenities and foot-over bridges at a cost of 1,000 INR-Crore. The Thane Municipal Corporation (TMC) and Central Railway (CR) have collaborated on a detailed plan for the redevelopment of the station area, which will involve constructing a grand deck over the existing 10 platforms to reduce overcrowding. The deck will be linked to the Station Area Traffic Improvement Scheme (SATIS) project in Thane East and West and will include essential services such as a waiting room, ticket office, and toilet facilities.

KRIDE Bengaluru Suburban Rail Project, Bangalore (KSR Bengaluru – Devanahalli and Kengeri – Whitefield)

Construction Cost – 1,000 INR-Crore

The Bengaluru suburban rail initiative is a comprehensive project that comprises four corridors: KSR Bengaluru – Devanahalli, Baiyappanahalli – Chikkabanavara, Kengeri – Whitefield, and Heelalige – Rajankunte. The estimated cost of the project is 1,000 INR-Crore and it will cover Corridor KSR Bengaluru – Devanahalli and Kengeri – Whitefield. The proposed infrastructure will include viaducts, stations, depots, tracks, signalling and train control, overhead electrification, telecommunication, automatic fare collection and platform screen doors. The project is being developed by RLDA and will have 62 stations, including 5 future stations, out of which 40 will be at grade and 22 will be elevated.

CR Redevelopment of Lokmanya Tilak Terminus, Mumbai

Construction Cost – 950 INR-Crore

The proposed project aims to upgrade the Lokmanya Tilak Terminus in Mumbai by constructing two eight-storey terminals, adding three more platforms, and developing commercial zones, multi-level parking, and skywalks. The total cost of the project is estimated to be 950 INR-crore, and it is being developed by Central Railway. Additionally, around 600 flats will be built for railway staff quarters. However, the exact number of slum dwellers to be relocated to a new building is yet to be determined.

KRIDE Bengaluru Suburban Rail Project, Bangalore (Heelalige – Rajankunte)

Construction Cost – 860 INR-Crore

The Bengaluru suburban rail project is set to revitalize the city’s transport infrastructure with four major corridors: KSR Bengaluru – Devanahalli (41 km), Baiyappanahalli – Chikkabanavara (25.14 km), Kengeri – Whitefield (35.52 km), and Heelalige – Rajankunte (46.24 km). This project will specifically target the Heelalige – Rajankunte corridor, which is an essential link for commuters. The total cost of this project is estimated at 860 INR-Crore, and it will include the construction of necessary railway infrastructure like tracks, signalling, and train control. Furthermore, the project will also involve the installation of overhead electrification, telecommunication systems, automatic fare collection, and platform screen doors (PSDs).

NCR Redevelopment of Railway Station, Allahabad

Construction Cost – 860 INR-Crore

The Indian Ministry of Railways has announced plans to redevelop and modernize railway stations across the country, including the Allahabad/Prayagraj Railway Station in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The project will encompass the development of the station’s infrastructure, platforms, and related facilities. Key elements of the project include the construction of an arrival and departure station building, north and south side station buildings, a basement block, a parcel block, and a railway office block. The estimated cost of the project is 860 INR-Crores.

Work Taken Up

Work taken up includes:

  • Survey, fixing of alignment, and designing Road and Railway.

  • Embankment and cuttings for Road/Rail.

  • Bridges (Major/Minor including ROB/RUB) for Rail/Road.

  • Steel girder fabrication and erection.

  • Laying of ballast and concrete sleepers and rails i.e. track laying (Manually & Mechanically).

  • Flash butt welding for long rails at site.

  • Signaling and electrification of Railway Yards.

  • OHE and General Electrification of Railway works.

  • Maintenance of railroads and rail infrastructure.

  • Allied services such as service buildings, railway stations, and terminals.

  • Urban railways on elevated sections.

Competence

Our company is associated with Indian Railways since the last seven years and had the opportunity of executing every type of work mentioned above starting from survey design to final commissioning of rail track even on EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) basis as well as for allied infrastructure like electrification, signaling, service buildings, etc. In the process, we have not only acquired all the Plant & Machineries but also the intellectual know-how and trained manpower needed for executing such types of work. Sophisticated and costly design-drawing software, heavy earth moving machines, bridge work equipment’s like cranes, piling machines, batching plants, transit mixture, concrete pumps, sophisticated girder manufacturing-launching machines and supports, track laying machines, rail flash butt welding machines, etc. for complete railway work requiring a huge capital outlay.

Major Projects Executed

  • Construction of Sub-structure of Major Bridges No. 17(3 nos. 30.5 m), 18(1 no. 30.5m), 19(1 no. 30.5m), 32(2 x 12.2m + 1 x 61.0m) & 34 on Rajatgarh-Barang of East-Coast Railway.

  • Supply and installation of Track, Signaling and Yard Lighting Works for Construction of Keonjhar-Tomka new BG Railway Line in Orissa, India(110 km.).

  • Construction of inplant yard, unloading bulb and MGR link line upto Km 50.0 including earthwork in formation of railway, road bridge work and pavement work with supply of materials for NTPFC, SSTPP-Package-II.

  • Construction of MGR link line from Ch. 35.00 Kms to Ch. 40/955 .30Kms. And loading bulb and yard, including earth work information of Railway, Road, Bridge work and Pavement work with supply of materials for NTPC, Sipat STPP-Package-V.

  • Construction of Railway Siding Gatora to Inplant Yard (Km.1 0.963 to 12.880) including earth work in formation of Railway, road, Bridge work and pavement way work with supply of Materials for NTPC, Sipat STPP-Package-I.

  • New Bg Railway Line between Tomka Keonjhar-Banspani of Khurda Road Division in E.Co.Railway - Construction of approach road to ROB at crossing No 15 of Railway Chainage 67/920 Km at 5th Km of Naranpur - Pandapada Road MDR - 12B.

  • Design, Engineering, obtaning statutary approvals from Railways and other relevant authorities, necessory site preparation, mobilisation of all labour, construction materials and equipment, transporatation, unloading, civil works, storage, erection/construction, testing and commissioning of Railway Siding and Linking from Ambodala Railway Station to the Alumina Plant including intra-plant network for Alumina Refinery at Lanjigarh, Dist. Kalahandi, Orissa on Turnkey Basis.

  • Manufacturing and Supplying of 50mm size machine crushed/hand broken ballst from Km 00.00 to Km 23.00 (From Agartala end) in connection with construction of New Railway line from Agartala to subroom.

  • Construction of New tracks &Signalling work & Rehabilitation of existing tracks in Rolling mill yard. PKG-051A

  • Rehabilitation & Up gradation of tracks inside the Plant Premises (PKG No-053). Bokaro Steel Plant.

  • Construction of Station Building, Residential building for staff, platform, Level crossing and BG track linking work including dismantling of MG track, remodeling of existing station yard and all other ancillary works as per approved plan in connection with construction of new BG Railway line from New Maynaguri to New Coochbehar of New Maynaguri – Jogighopa new BG line Project of N. F. Railway.

  • Construction of earthwork, bridges, supply of ballast and P-way linking for proposed private railway siding taking off from Chacher railway station to inplant yard of NTPC Mauda (but excluding works within railway boundary and excluding rail over rail bridge) Dist Nagpur(M.S).

  • Construction & Upgradation of Railway Track Works for RSP Yards & Inplant New Lines (Rourkela Steel Plant)

  • Balance work of construction of Roadbed including Minor and Major Bridges, facilities and General Electrification for doubling of Railway line between Barang-Rajatgarh (excluding Ghantikal-Naraj Section), Cuttack- Barang and 3rd line between Barang- Bhubaneswar in the State of Orissa, India.

  • New Broad Gauge line between SALEM -KARUR (via) NAMAKKAL:- Earth work in cutting , forming bank, Construction of Major/ Minor bridges, Road Over Bridges, Road Under Bridges, Limited Use Subways etc., between Km 25.50.00 to Km 52.00 between RASIPURAM and NAMAKKAL Stations. (ADDITIONAL WORKS). (ITEM-03)

  • New Broad Gauge line between SALEM -KARUR (via) NAMAKKAL:- Earth work in cutting , forming bank, Construction of Major bridges, Road Over Bridges, Road Under Bridges, Limited Use Subways etc., between Km 0.00 to Km 25.50 between SALEM and RASIPURAM Stations. (ADDITIONAL WORKS). (ITEM-02)

  • New Broad Gauge line between Salem and Karur via Namakkal-Proposed construction of Road over Bridge with 2x20.00m PSC girder and 31x20.00m RCC Beam and slab, diversion road etc. at Ch:24542 between Salem and Namakkal.

  • Gauge conversion between Pollachi and Palghat Jn.-Proposed Reconstruction of Minor Bridges, Earthwork excavation in cuttings and forming bank including Meenachipuram Yard and other protective works from Km. 0/0 to Km. 22/5 in between Pollachi Junction and Muthalmada Stations-Reach-I.

  • Proposed Doubling of BG track between Chengalpattu and Villupuram-Proposed construction of Major Bridges, foundation, sub-structure and super-structure for bridge Nos. 211 (36x17.50m PSC 'I' Girder), 253 (22x11.85m PSC 'I' Girder), 424 (8x14.64m PSC Box Girder) and 432 (12x19.20m PSC Box Girders) including earth work in forming bank Transportation of staging materials, dismantling/ Demolishing of existing bridge struture and other protective works.

  • Gauge Conversion between POLLACHI and PALGHAT Jn. - Proposed Reconstruction of Minor Bridges, Earthwork excavation in cuttings and forming bank and other Protective works from CH: 121950 to 137000 in between POLLACHI JUNCTION and KINATTUKADAVU Stations.

  • Proposed Doubling of BG Track between chengalpattu and Villupuram - Proposed Widening and Regarding of existing MG Formation to BG standard construction of Minor Bridge, S&T Accommodation, platform, Platform Shelter, Circulating area, Approaches Road, Protective works, Passenger Amenities, watering arrangements, Ballast supply, stabling Lines, Transportation of P.way materials and Linking of Track etc. at Melmaruvathur station.

  • Gauge conversion between POLLACHI-PALGHAT Junction: Proposed reconstruction of Major Bridge No.3, 10, 13, 26 (including sub-structure and super structure) and forming Earthwork in approaches, protective works etc. in between POLLACHI-MUDHALAMADA Stations-Reach-I.

  • Gauge Conversion between DINDIGUL-POLLACHI Section - Proposed Reconstruction of Minor Bridges of varying spans precast/cast in situ RCC BOX culverts and limited user’s subway, including protective works and earth work in forming bank/cutting widening the existing formation to BG standard between PALANI-POLLACHI.

  • Earthwork in embankment, cutting, including bridge approaches trolley refuges, blanketing materials, construction of side drains etc. and construction of minor bridges from KM 103 to KM 119 in Pen-Roha section of Panvel-Pen-Roha Doubling Project. Reach-I.

  • Earthwork in embankment, cutting, including bridge approaches trolley refuges, blanketing materials, construction side drains etc. and construction of minor bridges from KM 121 to KM 131.13 in Pen-Roha section of Panvel-pen-Roha Doubling project. Reach-II.

  • Construction of Broad Guage foundation & Minor Bridges from chain age 60000 to 75000 between Lalsot & Gangapur City in connection with Dausa-Gangapur City new Broad Guage Line Project.

  • Construction of Broad Guage foundation & Minor Bridges from chainage 75000 to 90000 between Lalsot & Gangapur City in connection with Dausa-Gangapur City new Broad Guage Line Project

  • Construction of Broad Guage foundation & Minor Bridges from chainage 45000 to 60000 between Lalsot & Gangapur City in connection with Dausa-Gangapur City new Broad Guage Line Project.

  • Construction of Broad-Gauge Formation & Minor Bridges from chainage 41000.00 to 45000.00 between Dausa and Lalsot in connection with Dausa-Gangapur City New Broad Gauge line Project.

  • Supply and installation of track (excluding supply of rails) Signaling and overhead equipment (OHE) & associated equipment for 25 KV, AC traction, in connection with doubling of railway line between Barang-Rajatgarh (25 km), Cuttack - Barang (12 km) and 3rd line between Barang-Khurda Road (35 km) in the State of Orissa, India,

MAJOR PROJECTS UNDER EXECUTION

  • Works in connection with doubling of BOLANGIR (EX)-TITLAGARH (IN) section (63.193 kms) part of SAMBALPUR-TITLAGARH Doubling of East Coast Railway in the state of ODISHA, India. (L & T)

  • Execution of balance work for construction of Road-bed, Major & Minor bridges, Track Linking (Excluding supply of Rails, ordinary track sleepers & thick web switches, outdoor signaling and electrical (General) works in connection with doubling of Lakhani (EX) -arand (in) section (68.936 kms) part of Raipur-Titilagarh doubling in Sambalpur division of East coast Railway in the state of Odisha & Chhatisgarh, India.

  • Package 2C: Construction of Roadbed, Station Buildings, Passenger amenities, Minor bridges, General Electrical works in connection with New B.G. Railway Line from Nuagaon Km 68.300 TO Paradeep 81.20 on Khurda Road Division of East Coast Railway in the state of Orissa, India.

  • Construction of private railway siding with all Contractor’s materials (except Rails for plain track issued free of cost) for coal transportation system for Darlipali STPP of NTPC Limited in Sundergarh Distt in Odisha state–from Ch. 6.000 to Ch. 12.460 – Pkg. 1 in Darlipali- Dulanga MGR section. (ARSS)

  • Earthwork in formation (excluding Blanket), minor bridges between Km 19.000 to Km. 47.000 and 3 no.s of Steel girder bridges, 8 no.s of Road Over Bridges between Km 19.000 to Km 67.000 in connection with Angul-Sukinda new railway BG line in the state of Odisha, India. (WOODHILL HILWAYS JV)

  • Third Line Work between Rourkela and Jharsuguda Stations (Section II) - Execution of Earthwork in Formation, Construction of Minor Bridges, P. Way Linking Works with Supply of Track Ballast and other related works between Dharuadhi Station yard to Jharsuguda Station Yard from Km: 486.50 Km: 515.00. (ARSS Share: 51%)

  • Budhapank - Salegaon via. Rajathagarh – 3rd & 4th line: Execution of earthwork, minor bridges & other allied works (Km: 483.047 to Km: 398.166 i.e 2 x 85 = 170 Km. approx.) (ARSS Share: 51%)

  • Khurda Road – Bolangir New B. G. Link Project- Execution of Earthwork in formation, Minor bridges and other allied works from Km.80.00 to Km.93 from Khurda end in between Nayagarh- Nuagaon and Daspalla of East Coast Railway. (ARSS Share: 51%)

  • JAGDALPUR –KORAPUT Doubling Project- Execution of Earthwork in formation, Minor bridges, Protection works and other allied works from Km.263.300 to Km.223.500 of Kotpar Road (Excluding) – Charamula kusumi (Including) – Khadapa (Including) – Dhanapur (Including) –Jeypore(Including) – Chatariput (Including) section in connection with KK line doubling of WAT Division, East Coast Railway. ARSS Share : 51%

  • Execution of work of Track Linking (Excluding supply of Rails, Thick Web Switches and PSC Line Sleeper) OHE, S&T and other allied works from Haridaspur (KM 0.00) to Kendrapara (KM 43.873) including Kendrapara Yard in connection with construction of New BG Railway Line from Haridaspur to Paradeep (KM 81.200) in Khurda Road Division of East Coast Railway in the State of Odisha, INDIA. ARSS Share 75%

  • Bhadrak - Nergundi 3rd Line: Supply of machine crushed hard stone ballast in connection with doubling between Kapilas Road and Salegaon stations under KUR Division of E.Co.Railway.

  • Supply of Ballast in connection with 3rd & 4th line work between Salegaon to Rajathgarh in KUR Division. (ARSS share 51%)

  • Koraput - Singapur Road Doubling Project: Construction of Major Bridge No. 1 (1x18.3m Composite Girder, RUB), Br.No3 (5x30.5m composite Girder), Br.No.6 (5x30.5 Composite Girder), Br. No.12 (1x12.2m +1x30.5m+ 1x12.2m Composite Girder), Br. No.19 (1x12.2m +1x30.5m+1x12.2m Composite Girder), Br. No. 21A (1x36.0m Composite Girder, ROB), Br.NO.25(2x9.15m RCC Box) &, Br.NO.26(3x6.1m RCC Box) between Koraput -Damanjodi stations in connection with Doubling of Koraput - Singapur Road section of WAT Division, East Coast Railway. (ARSS Share 51%)

  • JAGDALPUR - KORAUT DOUBLING: Supplying, transporting and stacking of 90,000 cum of contractor's hard stone machine crushed Track Ballast as per Railway specifications between Ambagaon - Khadapa stations (from Km.270.40 to Km.244.00) on KK line of WAT Division of East Coast Railway. (ARSS Share 51%)

  • Supplying and stacking of contractor's hard stone machine crushed Track Ballast as per Railway specifications between Jarpada and Talcher Road in connection with Talcher-Sambalpur doubling. (ARSS Share 51%)

  • Execution of balance work of roadbed, major & minor bridges, track linking, S&T service buildings, other civil works and outdoor signaling in connection with doubling work Between BLSN to RVH (In) Section (Excluding ANMD yard) and residential & other service buildings at MSMD & ANMD of Sambalpur Division of East Coast Railway & Raipur Division of SECR in the state of Chhattisgarh, INDIA a part of Raipur – Titlagarh Doubling

  • Supply of 40,000 cum. of hard stone machine crushed ballast of 50 mm size at Kenduapada Depot & loading the same into any type of Railway wagon for Khurda Road Division.

  • At NAM/BOJ - Manufacturing, supplying and stacking (from private quarry) of 50mm machine crushed stone ballast in Depot and loading the same into hopper/wagon in TSK Division. (ARSS share: 51%)

  • At Tangla: Manufacturing, supplying and stacking of 50/60mm size machine crushed stone ballast in Depot and loading the same into hopper in Rangiya Division. (ARSS share: 51%)

  • Supply of 50,000 cum. of hard stone machine crushed ballast of 50 mm size at Raghunathpur Depot & loading the same into any type of Railway wagon for Khurda Road Division

  • Koraput-Singapur Road Doubling Project: - Supplying, transporting and stacking of 97,000 cum of contractor's hard stone machine crushed Track Ballast as per Railway specifications between Lakshmipur Road - Tikiri stations (including yard) from 61.17 Km to 83.06 Km on KR line of WAT Division of East Coast Railway. ARSS Share : 51%

  • Rourkela - Jharsuguda 3rd line work - Supply & Spreading of track Ballast in between Sogra and Jharsuguda under the jurisdiction of Dy.Chief Engineer (Con)/Jharsuguda, South Eastern Railway

  • Package- 2 - “Track Linking (Excluding Supply of Rails , Sleepers, Thick Web Switches), S&T and OHE Works between Km.47 to Km.97 in connection with construction of Angul-Sukinda New BG Rail Link of 58.961 Track Km (Between Rangamatia to Baghuapal including Tie Lines at Tomka) on Khurda Road Division of East Coast Railway, in Odisha State, India”. (ARSS share: 80%)

  • Construction of Earthwork, Bridge Work, Protection Work of minor and major bridge, slope of bank, Buildings, site facilities, General Electrical works and other miscellaneous work in section Deobhal (IN) – Barpali (IN) in connection with the doubling of Sambalpur – Titlagarh in Sambalpur division of East Coast Railway. (ARSS Share: 60%)